Over the centuries, the role of universities has remained unchanged, they were aheart of production and reproduction ofknowledge and skilled labor force. Butin the second half of the 20th century,external media environment has changeddramatically. The information society,knowledge-based society, smart society began to emerge. Rapidly changing technologies are changing the nature of theeducational process that makes universities to respond quickly to the challenges ofmodern society. Conventional universities found themselves facing new challengesand to teachers opened a completely newrange of possibilities.

The article examines the effectiveness of vocational education, which can be viewed in two ways: as a subsystem , operated bythe needs for skilled workers - the micro-level, and as a subsystemthrough which achieved saturation of the labor market competitivestaff, contributing to higher rates of growth of national income - the macro level. The latter is a new direction, displacing the center of gravity to study the problems of a single educational institution onthe analysis of the economy of the whole country, in which the activities of the educational system, on the one hand, and employment oftrained workers, on the other.

The social and economic role of patriotismin the socio-economic progress of Russiais considered in the article. The comparative analysis of technologies of formation ofpatriotism in the United States, Israel andFrance is provided. The role of the general and vocational education system in this process is defined. The system of measures to mainstream the patriotism of the populationof Russia is proposed.

The article examines the specifi c principles of distance learning and its implementationin e-learning systems used in the educationalprocess of Moscow state university of Economics, Statistics and Informatics (MESI)and Euroasian Open Institute (EAOI). There have been positive developments and challenges identified in the process of operationof systems of distance learning.

The task in the article is to carry out a SWOT analysisof the local market of educational services in the Baikal region to identify its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. A basis for the research is the data of Federal state statistics service for the Republic ofBuryatia, laws and decrees of the Government of theRepublic in the field of education, as well as the programand the concept of socio-economic development. Thistype of analysis allows to identify the directions of interaction of regional educational system with the externalenvironment, and identify appropriate current situationdevelopment strategy. An additional advantage of theconference of the SWOT analysis is to assess disparities in prospects of development of Federal and regionalmarkets of educational services.

Accounting information is used for both internal and external purposes. To be useful the accounting information must possesssome advantages that give utility andvalue to the information presented in thefinancial statements and help the businessorganizations to achieve its goals properly.

The article describes the methodological frameworkand tools for manag-ing the strategic development ofproduction created by the defense-industrial complexof Russia. A model of the development strategy ofproducing the products is worked out, the backgroundand stability of the simulation results are analyzed.

In article the program and target method of control overpublic finance, and also standard providing the programbudget of the Government of the Russian Federation infederal executive authorities is considered. Advantages of program approach to budgeting of activity of federal executive authorities and additional requirements to stability of thebudgetary system regarding the guaranteed providing withfinancial resources of existing account obligations, transparent and competitive distribution of available means atapplication of a program and target method are designated.The main attention is concentrated on the state programswhich purpose is ensuring long-term balance and stabilityof the budgetary system, and also improvement of qualityof management efficiency by public finances.

On the basis of the analysis of controlling system of business processes ofaviation enterprise was formulated the approach for set up an hierarchicalmodel of personal permissions to information resources of an automatic of thesystem of controlling of projects and contracts (ASCPC) on the instrumentaland procedure levels. On the model base structure of personalized key wasdeveloped. This model reflective of possibilities of the every category of userswhen working with ASCPC.

Problems of formation of Social investment budget in accordance with reasonable standards and effective demand of social facilities have been reviewed in this article.

General meeting of owners of the investment shares, possessing large powersof strategic character, needs continuous development of the substantial and organizational parties, with the subsequent entering of corresponding changes into acts.In article some organizational aspects ofcarrying out general meeting and possibility of their improvement are considered.

The article presents the methodical foundations for pay system usage dependence of entrepreneurial activity factorsresearching, the substantiation of thechoice and optimal number of the bonuspayment’s indicators and conditions with engineering psychology requirements.

In article the mechanism of infl uence of taxes on various aspects of activity of theorganization (prime cost, revenue, profit, pricing, etc.) depending on types of taxreveals: direct and indirect, conditional and constant and conditional and variable, and also depending on economic structureof the organization. Positive and negativeinfluence of taxes is opened.

The article deals with the impact of inflow of foreignpopulation on the GDP of a country (Russia). For the first time in the Russian practices statistical researchmethods have been used to evaluate the degree ofsuch influence for Russia. This is a groundbreaking innovative approach. The correlation ratio for thedepartures from trend for the seven years’ period, the correlation ratio for the departures from trendfor the ten years’ period, and the correlation ratio for the departures from trend with the time implicationsare compared with each other. In order to ensure the accuracy of the results the correlation ratio for thedepartures from trend with the time implications hasbeen chosen and calculated mathematically for thetwo parameters such as the inflow of foreign population and Russia’s GDP. Based on the findings of theresearch work, the author has arrived at the conclusion that there exists a persistent close and inverserelationship between value of the immigration inflow and that of Russia’s GDP, where the uncontrollable inflow of foreign population has a persistent adverseimpact on Russia’s GDP and economy.

This article shows the approach for estimating amount of alive enterprises inRussia. The main focus is on the way of detecting an business-active companiesusing the formal signs. The author proposes some signs for indicating of thebusiness activity. The developed model allows to clarify the amount of active enterprises in stages using those signs. The author provides the approach how to applythis model for different markets.

Mechanism of financial support of agriculturalenterprises has various content and structure indifferent countries require different levels of cost andhas significantly different effects application. One of the practical problems of economic science is thestudy of the mechanism of such a structure to support agricultural enterprises in Russia, where whenavailable resource constraints support orientationmanufacturers will increase profits, increase their competitiveness, improve skills in the organizationof the reproductive process. The article defi nes the principles of an effective mechanism of state supportof agricultural enterprises, the ways of solving thepractical mechanical problem.

This article describes the theoretical aspects and methodological approaches inthe solving some problems and the tasksadaptive management of the industrycorporations such as: some problemsof methodology of economic science,management and corporate governanceof the Russian industry corporations inthe up-to-date conditions of innovativedevelopment of the Russian economics.

In article the role of domestic fuel and energycomplex in ensuring national and global powersafety is estimated. Also, in it features and tendencies of development of the national oil andgas enterprises, their role in ensuring nationaland global power safety are stated. Besides, in article the emphasis on systematization ofproblems of development of the oil and gascomplex, effective international strategy of their development influencing development is placed.As total results, the system of factors of anassessment of appeal of various segments ofthe international market for development of thedomestic oil and gas enterprises is given andthe mechanism of their expert assessment iscreated.

General barriers of organization of different types of strategic alliances have beenconsidered in the article. There are several recommendations for overcoming themin cases of international alliances, and in case of work in one state. The article also identified goals and tasks of single coordination center of alliance to overcome organization barriers.

This article deals with systematic methodology for analyzing organizational culture,evolution of organizational developmentand study, critical assessment of its significance in the organizational structure. The basic definitions of organizational scholarssuch as Deal and Kennedy, Sathe, Wilkinsand Dyer, Schwartz and Davis, Pettigrew, Falcione and Kaplan, Schein are listed.

In article describes the author’s variant of algorithm of acceptance administrativedecisions in the intermediary organisation. The basic problems of construction of universal algorithms of acceptanceadministrative decisions are shown. The basic distinctive features of author’s algorithm are allocated. Each stages ofalgorithm is described in detail. Methodical recommendations about their passageof stages of algorithm of acceptance theadministrative decision in the intermediaryorganization are made.

Scientists, teachers, experts and practitioners are still trying to defi ne essence and nature of the definition «tax liability».The author explores the various interpretations of this definition and its economic and legal nature, using also treatmentsof foreign tax law. He represents signs, process of formation and classifi cation of tax liabilities, which allows him to give theauthor’s definition of this concept.

This article was written in early December 2013,combined with the historical development andthe latest data on the Chinese Petroleum carried SWOT- analysis. This paper discusses corporate resources, cost, management and external factorssuch as the political environment and the marketsupply and demand, conducted a comprehensiveand profound analysis.

This article demonstrates how much can be similar absolutely different areas as politics and economy.Analyzing the approaches to marketing in these areas, you can gather a lot of valuable and useful. The authors discuss the tools of marketing communications, depending on the life cycle of goods and drawa parallel between business and politics. Note that thetools of marketing communications are very numerousand diverse but is most effective at a particular time. Provides specific recommendations on the relevance of tools, aimed at promotion of the goods in the certaintime intervals life cycle.

The article describes the methodological basesand the economic and mathematical tools to minimize technological risks developing high-tech products. A new, more effi cient organization of the process of developing high-techproducts, as well as tools for assessing thetechnical and economic efficiency of new technologies introduced on manufacturers of theseproducts is offered.

The problem of study and estimation ofsocial efficiency of consumption, namely, the results of satisfaction of needs throughboth the mediation of market and non-market channels is considered in this article. The concept and content of these phenomena and processes are unveiled,the specific features of formation of their results and effectiveness are revealed. The materials of state statistics treated by the author were used for the purposesof this study.

Algorithm of the creation integral factor for estimation ofthe region’s investment potential is given in the article. It is founded on the main component method, using intwo stages. First at the rate of primary factors. Then at the rate of factors, that characterizing investmentpotential. Comparison given algorithm with method ofthe national rating agency «Expert RA» is presented.

The paper studies features of the development of the world market of mergers andacquisitions (M&A). Research results ofsome M&A practitioners and theoristson the USA M&A market developmentthrough “waves” during 1897-2007 areconsidered. Special attention in the workis paid to the identification of trends and prospects of the global banking M&Amarket, and its role in the overall market, as well as the factors that determine its development.

In the article analyzed and identifi ed the main factors affecting the level of poverty of the population in Astrakhan region made a multi-dimensional classifi cation of municipal districts of the Astrakhan region on socio-economic indicators characterizing the poverty of the population on thebasis of the cluster analysis.

A Construction industry is of great interestto business, as its development is ahead ofeconomic development in general. Drop-downor upward trend indicators in the constructionsector dynamics, starts a few blocks earlier thanin other industries. Starting a prolonged slump inthe construction industry can serve as a signalto other industries that need to reduce the paceof investment and to create a reserve of cash in the run-up to the crisis.Construction is one of the branches of the short-term business statistics, which in turn is one of the most important economic statistics,distinguishes from the official statistics by itsdynamism and efficiency. The accuracy of the published information is reduced slightly, which can’t be said about the availability, especially forRussian business.

There are four main methods of forecastingfinancial time series: technical analysis,mathematical analysis, fundamental analysis, the use of neural networks. Evolution of financial time series is accompanied by bifurcations, characterizing the internal propertiesof the system. Then there is the unstable state and momentum, which is distributed in a distributed system stock exchanges. Giventhis mechanism to analyze the behaviorof financial time series, we use bifurcation theory and a system of nonlinear differential equations of parabolic type, which are thebasic equations in synergetics.

The article considers one of the prioritiesin the field of artificial intelligence - Markovchains. The problem of forecasting the strategic investment directions in industrial policy by using a Monte Carlo method issolved.

The article deals with a study of problemsof finding the optimal portfolio securitiesusing convolutions expectation of portfolioreturns and portfolio variance. Value of thecoefficient of risk, in which the problem ofmaximizing the variance - limited yieldis equivalent to maximizing a linear convolution of criteria for «expected returns-variance» is obtained. An automated method for finding the optimal portfolio, onthe basis of which the results of the studydemonstrated is proposed.

This article discusses the current state of oil and gas complex and comparative dataon reserves and production of oil and gasin Iraq. It is also consists the analysis ofthe foreign investment in the oil and gas sector.

The results of statistical research on the municipal districts of the Astrakhan region in the level of socio-economic development for theperiod 2013 and 1999s, on which basis werethe major factors infl uencing socio-economic development of municipal districts of Astrakhan region, and also on the basis of the estimates ofthe forecast are determined priority directionsand problem areas of development are givenin this article. The use of the method may enhance the effectiveness of actions of Executive bodies of various levels in the process of regulation ofsocio-economic development of society.

In article investigated regional differentiation of migratory streams in Russia.The system of indicators characterizinga condition of population shift, coveringparameters of social and economic wellbeing of regions created.

The article discusses the features of building theInformation Space of St. Petersburg. It was statedthat there is strong inefficiency of investments inthe existing information systems in St. Petersburg.The reinvention of information systems into cloudservices with private partnership is recommended.Basing on the developed method was provided anapproach to the task of building an effective infrastructure of information systems and the choice ofoptions for its cooperation. The results can be used as a tool for transforming the variety of informationsystems into a single information environment, andtransforming the infrastructure to cloud technologyby reinvention of existing information and telecommunication infrastructure.

Information and communication technologies (ICT) has been actively used in thebusiness. However, whether became easier to understand the effect of their use for a particular organization, not to mention industries, cities, regions, country?Today, with great difficulty, you can find techniques to enable reasonably accuratecount benefit from the use of equipment,communication channels, software, automated complexes and systems.In this article the author tries to identify practical value assessment of theeffectiveness of ICT (or lack of it), andgive some examples of techniques andmethods inviting to the discussion ofeconomists, industry experts, investors.

The article considers the problem of organizing the planning system based on virtual manufacturing in constructingsituational center for engineering division. The analysis of foreign and domestic experience in the field of situational management, organization planning and managementsystems as virtual production in relation to the real (underlying) production is provided. The scheme of organization situational center for engine-building enterprises of theEngineering Division is given.

In the present article there is a review ofthe common scheme of unit operationof the block «service» of the automobile dealer center, a concept of the support system for decision-making in the users’application processing and fulfillmentis discussed and a possible optimizedautomation of the unit cooperation issuggested.

Article describes questions of necessity building of common information space foreducational institution and identification of weak-structured information resources during business-processes. Proposed multidimensional semantic model of information resource set of mathematical models for description of system modelsof business processed and method for identification of information resources. Implementation of proposed methods are described based on web-portal ofuniversity department.