The objective of the study is to develop a mathematical model and corresponding methodology that allows, based on available empirical observations (market data), in a comparative approach, to create an assessment of the market value of a single real estate object and to allocate in its composition the share of the value attributable to the land plot. Such tasks arise due to the need for separate accounting of taxable objects: land and real estate located on it. The relevance of the study is determined by the introduction of the institute of cadastral valuation in the Russian Federation. The legislation provides for the frequency of cadastral valuation every four years, in cities of federal significance, the term of the next valuation can be set at two years, by decision of the subject of the federation. It should be noted that when determining the cadastral value by mass appraisal methods, the methodological recommendations of Rosreestr essentially speak of determining the cadastral value as a market value.
Materials and methods. A model of a multivariate logarithmic normal distribution law is considered. Such a model is a theoretical prerequisite for developing multiplicative models (i.e. additive for the logarithms of prices and some price-forming factors). The data from open Russian Internet resources on sales of single real estate objects (houses) and vacant land plots in the Leningrad region, put up for sale in 2023, are used. The sample sizes for houses are 2759 records, for vacant land plots - 1023 records. The authors propose a method for estimating the share of the land component in the assessment of the market value of single real estate objects, based on multiplicative models of market value.
Results. The paper clearly shows the reason why the multiplicative model (linear model in the logarithms of prices and some factors) gives better results than the multiplicative one. A method for creating cadastral value tables with changing values of price-forming factors is shown.
Conclusion. The paper shows that the share of the land component in the assessment of the cadastral value is not a constant, it largely depends on the values of price-forming factors, primarily such as the area of the land plot, the area of the buildings and structures located on it, the location of the object. The three factors mentioned above can form a certain basic cadastral value (defined as market value), which can be adjusted taking into account the individual characteristics of the object

The purpose of the study. Identifying the contribution of factors to price dynamics is a difficult issue, however, at present, scientists and analysts from the field of macroeconomics have proposed some ways to solve it. Existing econometric methods often show results that are inconsistent with the views of analysts of a particular market. In this article, the authors test these techniques to analyze the dynamics of prices for coal in the domestic Russian market.
Materials and methods. In this paper, we used the method for determining the contribution of factors to price dynamics based on a theoretical model of aggregate demand and aggregate supply and a statistical approach to identifying shocks through the residuals of vector autoregression models. We use Rosstat data as a source of statistical data on the price level and JSC “Russian Railways” data as a proxy data source on the level of consumption and the contribution of Russian regions. The calculation was performed by using the R programming language, using the RStudio development environment.
Results. The calculations show that upward price changes were more often associated with positive demand shocks; however, there are periods where supply factors contributed more to price growth. Therefore, for a few months in early 2020, prices rose largely due to the contribution of supply factors, and in early 2022 due to the contribution of demand factors. During 2021, when prices in some markets increased by two or more times, both positive demand shocks and negative supply shocks affected the Russian market.
Conclusion. The results obtained from the calculations are mixed; however, they do not contradict general economic logic and are combined with a prior view about the impact of supply and demand factors on the domestic coal market. In addition, considering the compactness of this approach in terms of calculations and necessary data, we can talk about the possibility of applying this approach to market analysis on a permanent basis.

The development of the milk food market and the level of food independence of the region set trends in the development of the milk reproduction process. The level of self-sufficiency of the region’s population, the level of economic accessibility of food, the development of market relations, exports and imports depend on the type of milk reproduction. Reproduction and market issues are considered from different perspectives: production and satisfaction of needs, but they are closely intertwined and, giving an assessment as a whole from both positions, it is possible to cover the current situation in the region in more detail.
The purpose of the study. The purpose of the research is to analyze reproduction and assess the current situation on the milk market and dairy products in the conditions of food independence of the Irkutsk region and to develop recommendations for their development.
Materials and methods. The study uses normative, reference and statistical information. The empirical base of the study was made up of data from the Federal State Statistics Service, the Ministry of Agriculture of the Irkutsk region, accounting statements of agricultural organizations, and publications in open sources. The object of the study is the supply of milk and dairy products in the Irkutsk region on the market. Statistical methods were used in the paper: descriptive statistics, comparative analysis, dynamic series analysis, monographic and other research methods
Results. The conducted assessment revealed that the average annual rate of decline in production volumes of milk in the Irkutsk region is 0,15%. The number of cows decreases by 32,22%, which affects the volume of production; they decrease, in turn, the productivity of cows increases by 74,34%, which compensates for the decrease in livestock, but not enough to conduct an expanded reproductive process. The main producers are the households of the population, which indicates the high labor intensity of the products. Irkutsk region is provided with milk of its own production by 87,6%, which does not correspond to the approved level of food independence (more than 90%). The economic accessibility of food has the highest value of 61,85% in 2021-2022. It shows that the population of the Irkutsk region consumes milk less than the rational norm of its consumption meeting the requirements of a healthy diet by 38,15%. Conclusion. According to the results of the study, the following conclusions can be drawn: milk reproduction in the region has a narrowed type; the region has not reached the level of food independence for milk; the economic accessibility of milk does not reach the established value in the doctrine of food security, which indicates that the population consumes milk less than the rational consumption rate established for medical reasons. A further increase in the level of food security is possible if an expanded type of reproduction process is achieved and maintained, which in modern conditions in the Irkutsk region is achievable with great effort, since the region has been exposed to a disease of cattle (nodular dermatitis) and the infected livestock is eliminated by burning, which will affect production volumes. The Ministry of Agriculture of the Irkutsk region is taking all necessary measures to normalize the situation and eliminate the consequences, as well as to support the affected agricultural producers

The purpose of the study is to identify the impact of information and communication technologies and measures taken by telecommunications companies in China, Japan and South Korea on the environment of these countries.
Materials and methods. Indexes of the ecological footprint (based on the Global Footprint Network data) and greenhouse gas emissions (based on the International Energy Agency data) for these countries are used as a measure of environmental assessment. Based on the Sustainability Reports of telecommunication companies in these countries (China Mobile, SK Telekom, KDDI and others), their strategies for environmental protection and achieving a zero carbon footprint are examined. The impact of information and communication technologies is assessed using indexes of the number of Internet users, fixed Internet access, mobile communications users per 100 people of the country’s population, the share of ICT goods and services in the total exports and imports of countries, as well as the growth index of IT investments in the private sector for Japan. For each country, a correlation matrix was constructed depending on the level of the logarithm of the ecological footprint (Y) on the logarithms of the listed indexes; the factors that most influence Y and are not multicollinear were selected. Based on the selected indexes, multiple regression models were developed for each country and their parameters were assessed.
Results. For China and South Korea, a positive elasticity of the ecological footprint was obtained for the number of mobile phone users (for China) and fixed broadband Internet access (for South Korea). In addition, the import of ICT goods into a country reduces its environmental footprint, and the export of ICT services from the country leads to an increase in the index. For Japan, negative elasticities of the ICT sector indexes for the country’s ecological footprint were obtained, which is associated with measures taken by telecommunication companies to reduce their own consumption of electricity and other resources, as well as the widespread use of digital technologies for energy saving in other sectors of the Japanese economy.
Conclusion. For China and South Korea, significant dependences of the country’s ecological footprint on the spread of digital technologies were obtained, and their diffusion entails an increase in the index. While this impact is not very large, the widespread adoption of 5G mobile communications in these countries should be taken into account, which could significantly increase the share of the ICT sector in the countries’ environmental footprint. At the same time, Japanese telecommunication companies are promoting environmental protection

The relevance of the study involves the regular collection and accumulation of statistical data from commercial organizations engaged in activities in the field of film demonstration; their study and synthesis help to examine the work of business entities from different angles and draw appropriate conclusions. Using reliable information for a specific period of time, it is necessary to carry out calculations according to the necessary indexes for its further interpretation into scientific language. Without a detailed analysis of the current activities of the organizations under study, the risks of approving incorrect financial, investment, marketing, personnel and research policies towards economic recession and crisis increase, which can turn out negatively for both business owners and counterparties. In order to prevent such situations, it is necessary to constantly carry out calculations using economic and statistical methods and identify general trends in performance indexes.
Purpose of the study. Study of the activities of LLC “Meridian” for the period 2018 – 2022 using statistical indexes and financial analysis parameters. Finding and interpreting each obtained value, describing the causes and consequences of external factors, as well as presenting a detailed forecast of the organization’s level of profitability for the coming years. Reflection of the obtained numerical values in tabular and graphical forms for the purpose of their use by internal and external stakeholders to make various kinds of decisions.
Materials and methods. The research materials included regulatory documents, scientific publications of Russian and foreign authors, and accounting (financial) reporting data. The scientific article used the main research methods: monographic, comparative analysis, classification and generalization. The main methods of statistical and economic analysis were descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, regression analysis, time series analysis, etc
Results. The practical application of statistical quantities and their significance is justified, as well as examples of their derivation using the Microsoft Excel package are demonstrated and Libre Office Tables (Calc) are considered as an alternative to this program. These calculations allow you to prevent negative financial situations, instantly respond to the changing internal and external environment of commercial activity and establish guidelines for increasing the efficiency of your activities.
Conclusion. Based on the results of the conducted research on the text of the scientific article, recommendations are given to improve the efficiency of the cinema in question under sanctions conditions

Purpose of the study. Studying international experience in the field of conducting Labor Force Surveys, comparing it and developing recommendations and proposals for improving methods of conducting Labor Force Surveys in the Republic of Uzbekistan.

Materials and methods. The research methodology consists of a comprehensive analysis of the methodological provisions of some countries for conducting a Labor Force Survey, summarizing the key points arising from the analysis of literature on the topic, grouping them, comparing the methods of conducting a Labor Force Survey in some countries, the responsible departments, sampling methods and its size, the population being surveyed, etc.

A graphical analysis of key statistical data obtained from the labor force survey was also carried out.

Results. Based on the results of the study, a comparative table was compiled containing basic information about methods of conducting a Labor Force Survey in some countries. A graph has been compiled reflecting the situation with the employment and unemployment rates in the countries studied. Conclusions and proposals are also given for improving the methods of conducting a Labor Force Survey in the Republic of Uzbekistan, including the organization of a population census, the creation of a unified housing register and a population register, and the transition to a mixed collection of information using the CAPI-CATI method.

Conclusion. The Labor Force Survey is recognized by countries as an important source of labor data. At the same time, approaches to forming a sample of households to be included in the survey are carried out differently in different countries. Most countries use the CAPI interviewing method, in which the respondent or interviewer uses an electronic device to answer questions, usually a tablet. The quality of the generated indicators, and therefore the effectiveness of government measures taken to support employment and reduce tensions in the labor market, depends on the quality of the Labor Force Survey. In this regard, proposals for improving the way Labor Force Surveys are conducted may be applicable in the Republic of Uzbekistan and improve the country's ranking in the Statistical Capacity Index.