The most important strategic direction of the development of the Russian economy is to increase the innovation activity of enterprises and organizations. Despite the positive trends in the sphere of increasing the innovation activity of enterprises and organizations in the country, the creation and introduction of advanced technological innovations in production, low innovation activity of organizations remains in most regions. Problems of innovative development of the regions, as well as the methodology of statistical research of innovation activities are considered in the works of domestic scientists (M.Arkhipova, A.Varshavsky, L.Gokhberg, T.Dubrova, S.Ilyenkova, V.Kuznetsov, N.Sadovnikova and others), but the comparative analysis of innovation activity in the regions based on the  index method was not carried out. The purpose of this article is to develop a methodology of applying the index method for a comparative analysis of the innovation development in the regions of the country. The methodology represents an algorithm for comparative analysis of key indicators that characterize innovation activity with a similar average Russian indicator: the proportion of organizations that carry out technological innovation in the total number of organizations surveyed; shares of the shipped innovative goods, works, services in the total volume of the shipped products; share of costs for technological innovation in the total volume of the shipped products. The uneven socio-economic development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation causes the preservation of regional differentiation in terms of the level of innovation activity. In the process of research, based on the index method, the constituent entities of the Russian Federation were grouped according to the main indicators of innovative development; the leading regions and lagging regions were identified according to the main characteristics of innovation activity. According to the data for 2015, it was revealed that there is a very low innovation activity of organizations in 33 regions of the country (more than twice as below the similar level countrywide). Low innovation activity (10–50% less than the average Russian indicator) is observed in 24 regions of the Russian Federation. Increased innovation activity of organizations, exceeding the average Russian level by 10% or more, is noted in 17 regions of the country.

Credit organizations are a crucial part of the credit-monetary relations, greatly infl uencing the development of the Russian economy. In recent years, changes in the structure of the banking system and the profi tability of operations conducted by banks. Analysis of the functioning of the system shows a reduced role of banking indicators in the formation of the Russian GDP. The process of credit expansion stopped. To determine the vectors of development of credit institutions is not enough to conduct traditional statistical studies of the dynamics of the institutional structure of the banking system, since it is possible to obtain erroneous conclusions regarding the efficiency of banks in the economy. You must take into account a broader set of indicators, which allows to make more accurate conclusions about the vectors of change in the banking business in General. By mapping levels of the time series in the article the analysis of structural shifts in the activities of Russian credit organizations. Examines the spatial distribution of the credit institutions, are allocated in the regions with the highest activity of credit institutions and regions where the development potential of the banking sector implemented is not enough. The tendencies in the banks talking about displacement vectors of business development from the credit expansion in the direction of the Commission operations. The decline of profi tability of foreign exchange transactions and interest margin increases competition for customers, winning banks which can only support the broadest range of services with possibility of remote access. According to the analysis conclusions are made about the continuation of the trend of reducing the number of credit institutions with the growth of volumes of payments made by Bank customers through electronic orders. Given the positive assessment of the prospective transition to a gradation of banks with basic and universal licenses, which will enable the variability of the supervision for small and medium-sized banks in their competition with the largest credit organizations.

The authors attempted to conduct a statistical study of foreign exchange market and its environment, determined the theoretical basis of the study and aspects of practical application of the obtained results. To achieve this goal, the authors defined the subject of the statistical study of the foreign exchange market environment, structured scorecard to assess the state of the foreign exchange market, indicated the sources of information for the statistical analysis of the foreign exchange market environment in various areas. In the process of writing the article, the authors also used relevant materials on the topic of the research developed and published by the authorized organizations, including the international ones. In the study of the currency market and its situation in various areas the authors identified its importance for the financial stability of the national economy, the relationship with other segments of the fi nancial market, and the impact on macroeconomic indicators of economic development. Special attention was paid to the system of indicators to characterize the currency market environment, which is the methodological basis of the study and analysis of phenomena and processes occurring in the foreign exchange market. The authors compiled and structured a system of statistical indicators for the analysis of the status and development of the currency market in various areas in accordance with the available sources of information. This article discusses the issues related to deriving statistical data about the currency market from offi cial and alternative sources, the assessment of the completeness and reliability of statistical information was conducted, directions to improve statistical monitoring of the foreign exchange segment of the fi nancial market were determined. In the article, considerable attention is paid to the methodology of calculating separate indicators, including derivatives, in accordance with national and international statistical standards. In the study the authors came to the conclusion that currently, primary foreign exchange statistical information is suffi cient for calculating the recommended indicators characterizing the foreign exchange market environment, including supply and demand, and their correlation. In addition, the Bank of Russia has enough statistics to study the current situation with the sources of currency supply and demand in a relatively longer term. The indicators of the currencies turnover, its detailed structure, currency exchange rates, their fluctuations, and the business activity indicators are calculated fully or have the necessary reliable information for their assessment.

The purpose of this article is to analyze the influence of production factors on the dynamics of labor productivity at the level of the subjects of the Russian Federation. For the purposes of research as a complex indicator characterizing a wide range of socio-economic indicators affecting the productivity of labor, it is proposed to use composite indicators – “Securing the labor market with high-performance jobs.” In addition to the abovementioned quantitative characteristic of the labor market security with high-performance jobs, the material, technical and innovation-investment factors of the regional economy were analyzed as labor productivity factors. The infl uence of these factors on the dynamics of labor productivity was evaluated from two directions: increasing the level of manufacturability of the products and increasing the technology of the level of production and equipment of labor on the basis of the following indicators: the share of high-tech and knowledge-intensive industries in the gross regional product; Share of domestic expenditure on research and development in the gross regional product; Coeffi cient of depreciation of fi xed assets; Share of investments in fi xed assets in the gross regional product. Based on the results of the study, the nature of the relationship between the dynamics of labor productivity and the provision of the economy with high-performance jobs for different groups of regions of Russia was revealed. The relevant interaction between the processes of creating highproductivity jobs and their richness of the economy has been confi rmed, a description of the nature of this interaction has been carried out, groups of entities that have a typical and atypical impact from this indicator have been identified. Based on the results of the initial stage of the study, it was stated that it is necessary to conduct a more detailed analysis of the impact of the level of manufacturability and the science intensity of products, as well as the effect of labor payment on the dynamics of labor productivity by subjects of the Russian Federation. Conclusions and patterns of further analysis characterize the targeted direction of the dependence of the effective indicator and a group of indicators describing the material, technical and innovation-investment factors of the economic environment on certain groups of Russian regions.

Prospects for the development of the Russian innovative economy largely depend on the successful overcoming of negative factors impeding the effective interaction of institutions in the field of education, science, business, credit and fi nancial sphere regarding the creation, transfer and commercialization of innovations. Deep evaluation of innovative problems needs dynamic analysis of main processes in the spheres accompanying the innovation activity, which determines the topicality of this article. The aim of research consists in elaborating a dynamic approach to complex estimation of problems and barriers to the innovative development of Russia, including their structure and change. In order to do that, this article reviews the main barriers to the development of innovation activity in the region, builds a detailed classifi cation of parameters of innovative economic environment, and analyses their dynamics. The algorithm of innovation barriers assessment is based on economic statistics methods and fuzzy sets theory. This algorithm is determined on the basis of linguistic variables according to the matrix principle and linguistic identifi cation of economic objects. The estimation is based on a dynamic approach, that is, each analyzed indicator represents a rate of growth of one or another factor associated with the level of barriers to the innovation activity and therefore reflects the degree of reduction or strengthening in such barrier for the period under review. The minimax normalization allows providing comparability of all indicators under review. Macroeconomic data and indices of Russian enterprises operation, presented in statistical collections were used as the input data for analysis and estimation. As a result, we evaluated the level of overcoming barriers to innovative development during the past three years on the basis of analyzing research human potential, of development of innovative infrastructure elements, of financial instruments and sources, of production assets modernization and implantation of advanced technologies in industrial process. In the course of the research, it was possible to distinguish four most signifi cant groups of barriers to the innovative development – personnel, organizational and technological, fi nancial, and infrastructure barriers. In addition, we marked out the most successful fi eld of overcoming of negative trends in 2013–2015. At the same time, an unfavorable situation in the venture capital market and unsustainable development of technology parks are revealed. The performed analysis allows estimating the effectiveness of overcoming negative tendencies in personnel, technological, fi nancial spheres and of measures taken in this sphere. The estimation showed that the majority of economic trends are unsustainable and there is no stable and positive dynamics in dealing with the main problems in the Russian innovative economy.

Despite the numerous achievements and success in various spheres of human activity, the modern civilization, unfortunately, has not yet been able to completely get rid of such a serious and shameful problem as violence against children. Not only in economically backward and developing countries, where numerous forms of infringement of the children’s rights have deep historical roots, but in the vast majority of the most developed countries of the world, violence against children has now acquired massive and catastrophic proportions. If we follow the ancient wisdom, that the maturity of any society emerges fully in terms of the relations that have developed in it with regard to the elderly and children, then a rather simple conclusion is drawn: the earth population has not yet reached the understanding of a number of eternal and simple truths. After all, any violent actions committed against children at present create objective and subjective prerequisites for the further reproduction of such actions in the future, but in relation to even younger generations. In this context, it is quite obvious that there is an urgent need to unite the efforts of the world community, states and individual citizens to stop and actively pursue any violent actions against children not only within the framework of existing legislation, but also in everyday life, where the moral support or condemnation are of great practical importance. In addition, there is an urgent need to develop special international and state projects and programs, aimed at protecting children’s rights and protecting them from any form of physical and spiritual violence. It is difficult to imagine a deep substantive justifi cation of any measures to eliminate violence against children as a negative phenomenon of public life without a comprehensive quantitative description of such a unique object of research, which by defi nition is impossible without detailed and reliable statistical information. At present, obtaining such information causes great difficulties, which, naturally, creates additional obstacles to the knowledge of the true extent of the spread and consequences of the violence against children. For the above reasons, it is of great scientific and practical interest to improve the methodological foundations of statistical research on violence against children, implying both a clear interpretation of the subject of cognition and the development of a modern system of indicators that allows displaying various aspects of such a complex and negative social phenomenon.

The purpose of the article is to disclose the place and the role of a young family in formation in perspective of the family potential of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The family represents an association of people based on marriage or consanguinity, who have a common life and mutual responsibility, and is an essential component of the social structure of the society. It is the most important life value in many countries. These days, there is often a transition to new models of family formation. The family in Uzbekistan is quite stable, despite new and not always positive trends occurring in the world. It continues to be the most important value in life, the guardian of national traditions and customs, the basis of personality formation and healthy way of living. The scientific novelty of the article is that for the fi rst time the role and the place of a young family in formation in the perspective of family potential is disclosed using the example of Uzbekistan. According to the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan «About the State Youth Policy» a young family is a family where the age of both spouses does not exceed thirty inclusive, or a family in where children (child) are raised by one parent aged no more than thirty inclusive, including the divorced, and the widower (widow). Procreation of population is largely due to a young family (3/4 of the total number of children are born with the parents under 30 years of age). Uzbekistan is characterized by a high marriage rate. The population, entering into marriage, increases annually in the Republic. At the same time, the marriage rate grows. All this promotes formation of young families and increase of their share in the total number of families in the Republic. The measures provided by the state policy concerning families in general, refer, mostly and largely, to young families in the fi rst place. Methods of statistical analysis, methods of groups, and methods of sociological poll are used in the article. The results of sociological research on determining reproductive attitudes of the population in general, including youth, are given in the article along with the data of the offi cial statistics. According to the sociological survey conducted by the scientifi c and practical center «Oila», a question: «How many children should be in a family?» was asked, and 22.6% of the respondents answered that there should be three children; 16.7% – two children; 16.4% – four, 13.8% of the respondents – fi ve children. The results of the conducted research demonstrate that formation of a demographic situation in the long term, high-quality development of the population, and economic growth rates in the Republic of Uzbekistan will depend considerably on reliability in family – the marriage relations and dynamics of reproductive intentions developing in young families.

Modern regional economic development is inseparably linked with the development of the human potential of the region under study, the main contribution to the formation of which is made by the demographic processes of the region. The study of these processes, their dynamics, development trends, factors of their formation is necessary for presenting a contemporary picture of the mutual influence of social, demographic and economic processes. The relevance of this study is related to the increasing role of demographic processes in the social and economic development of the region. The review of domestic and foreign studies related to the study of economic and demographic processes made it possible to identify the need for a more detailed analysis of forming the population age structure, the various development types of which may have different effects on the processes of shaping the labor resources of the region. The purpose of the study is a statistical analysis of the dynamics of indicators of the demographic development of the Republic of Mari El and the identifi cation of major socio-economic trends that affect the formation of the age and sex structure of the population. To achieve this goal, a number of tasks were accomplished: the indicators of the demographic development of the Republic of Mari El for 2000-2017 were collected and processed; the qualitative changes in the demographic structure of the Republic were defi ned; the factors of change in the sex and age structure of the population were determined; the role of demographic trends in various stages of forming labor resources of the Republic of Mari El was outlined; the conclusions were drawn about the nature of the dynamics of natural growth and the role of the age structure in the change in the birth rate and mortality of the region under study; the forecast of the dynamics of the number of population age cohorts in the Republic of Mari El up to 2056 was made; the conclusions were drawn on the type of reproduction of the Republic of Mari El population. The collection of indicators reflecting the structure and dynamics of the population, migration trends, birth rate, mortality, health and other demographic characteristics in terms of the age structure of the population and the type of residence made it possible to draw conclusions about the main factors of the demographic development of the Republic of Mari El. First, it is the population structure that forms the Republic’s reproductive and labor potential, as well as the migration behavior of the Republic of Mari El population. Secondly, the incidence rate, affecting both the mortality rate in the region, and the birth rate. Thirdly, the way of life, which is the catalyst for many socio-demographic processes taking place in the Republic. Fourthly, the standard of living, which includes both the material living conditions and the infrastructure of the Republic. This factor, combined with the way of life, forms the conditions for reducing mortality and increasing the birth rate in the Republic; it determines migration trends: a region with a high standard of living is easier to attract immigrants, fewer inhabitants of a competitive region will want to leave it. Detailing the process of forming the demographic potential allowed to make a forecast of the future size and sex-age structure of the population of the Republic of Mari El. Using the age-shifting method, the following indicators were obtained: total population, working-age population, demographicburden factors, etc. Each indicator was presented in three variants of the forecast: high, low and medium, which allowed drawing conclusions about the future trends of socio-economic development under the infl uence ofvarious factors.

The article focuses on qualitative and quantitative analysis of the relation between real effective exchange rate, export and economic
growth in Vietnam. The qualitative analysis results showed that economic growth, real effective exchange rate and export in Vietnam tend to fl uctuate in the same direction. Besides, the estimation result of VECM indicated that economic growth promoted export growth through higher productivity and competitive advantages of products and real exchange rate. Thus, economic growth had a positive impact on export in Vietnam.

Research aim: to develop a model to forecast the performance of
information systems as a mechanism for preliminary assessment of the information system effectiveness before the beginning of financing the information system project.

Materials and methods: the starting material used the results of studying the parameters of the statistical structure of information system data processing defects. Methods of cluster analysis and regression analysis were applied.

Results: in order to reduce financial risks, information systems customers try to make decisions on the basis of preliminary calculations on the effectiveness of future information systems. However, the assumptions on techno-economic justification of the project can only be obtained when the funding for design work is already open. Its evaluation can be done before starting the project development using a model of forecasting information system performance. The model is developed using regression analysis in the form of a multiple linear regression. The value of information system performance is the predicted variable in the regression equation. The values of data processing defects in the classes of accuracy, completeness and timeliness are the forecast variables. Measurement and evaluation of parameters of the statistical structure of defects were done through programmes of cluster analysis and regression analysis. The calculations for determining the actual and forecast values of the information system performance were conducted.

Conclusion: in terms of implementing the model, a research of information systems was carried out, as well as the development of forecasting model of information system performance. The conducted experimental work showed the adequacy of the model. The model is implemented in the complex task of designing information systems in education and industry.

The aim of this study is to formalize the selection of optimal technical solutions early in the design of microprocessor-based systems, which allows developers to analyze the recommended solutions, and has, in comparison with the traditional «intuitive» approach, at least two undeniable merits. First, the accepted assumptions and limitations are clearly formed. Secondly, it is defined precisely, in what sense the decision is optimal. When designing microprocessor systems (systems hereafter), several characteristics have to be taken into account at the same time. In general, when n properties are taken into account for each of the compared systems, then the solution of the task of choosing “the best” system depends on choosing a function-criterion. Such function is called a value function in the article. A simple quadratic function is suggested as the value function, it can be interpreted as the distance in Euclidean space of systems technical data. The system, which corresponds to the point nearest to the point characterizing the master system with “limiting” characteristics, is considered the best one. This function approximates the designer’s system of preferences signifi cantly better than a “classical” linear value function. In conclusion, note that the developed recommendations allow the designer of complex technical systems to analyze the proposed solutions in the early stages of design and, in case of disagreement with them, to indicate the reasons why he considers them inadequate. The designed machine optimization of technical solutions in conjunction with the traditional engineering approach should allow more reasonable choosing the structure of systems at the stage of systems conceptual design.