Foreign Experience of Formation and Development of the Regional Energy Market: Status and Lessons

The study is devoted to the energy market of Sughd region of the Republic of Tajikistan. It is pointed out that a coherent energy system of the country is reflected in the improvement of the quality of life of the population, in the increase of socio-economic indexes. The current organizational and economic mechanism of the energy system of the country at the regional level is presented. A comparative analysis of the energy market and energy supply by types of alternative energy sources has been carried out. The experience of foreign and neighboring countries in the field of energy and power supply systems has been studied. As a result, the degree of energy supply of foreign countries by types of alternative energy sources is revealed. The ways of solving the problems of energy supply of the country and using the experience of some countries for further well-being of the national economy and social well-being of the population are proposed.

Purpose of the study. The purpose of this paper is to study the state of the regional energy market on the basis of studying the activities of the entire energy system of the country; studying the energy systems of foreign and neighboring countries and applying the experience of the best energy systems of the studied countries. The paper is based on a comparative analysis of statistical information on the ongoing processes in the energy sector. The task is to conduct a review study of the balance of supply and demand in the energy markets, the supply of electricity from the energy systems of neighboring countries with the use of alternative sources.

Materials and methods. The information base of the study is analytical information and statistical data on energy supply indexes. The methodological base of the study is represented by statistical methods of analyzing information, i.e. comparative analysis. Results. On the basis of the results of economic and statistical analysis of indexes by types of alternative energy sources use, effective methods of providing the national economy with electricity and rational use of climatic conditions of the country are revealed.

Conclusion. The most important industry as energy is the basis for the normal life of the population and the development of the economy of the country. The problem of energy supply of the national economy of the country in the winter period from the end of October to April of each year is in the first place and makes us think about the development of new methods of solution. Studying the experience of foreign countries, it should be noted that Kazakhstan uses alternative energy sources to the fullest extent. Climatic conditions of this country are approximately similar to climatic conditions of our country. Advantages of the country over neighboring countries is that our country is rich in hydro resources, but the problem is in the seasonal shortage and non-use of the full capacity of hydropower resources. Since the country’s electricity generation is accounted for by hydroelectric power plants, considering the economic and social condition of the country in the electricity system, it will be advisable to develop projects for the introduction of other renewable energy sources and, based on this, create an alternative for energy supply. 

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