Statistical analysis of the labor component of the competitiveness of the Amur region

The purpose of the study is a statistical analysis of the labor resources of the Amur Region as one of the components of the region’s competitiveness.  

Materials and methods. To conduct a statistical analysis of the region’s labor resources, statistical methods were used, such as calculating absolute and relative dynamics’ indicators, average values, structure indicators, comparative analysis, graphical analysis method, as well as a general theoretical analysis method of Russian literary sources. The main research method was dynamic analysis. To assess the competitiveness of the region, the rating method was used. The study is based on statistics from the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation, as well as the Territorial Authority of the Federal State Statistics Service in the Amur Region. In this research, the works of authors are presented: Vlasova V.I., Zemlyanukhina S.G., Shunina V.I., Shelomentseva M.V., Motrich E.L., Ryzhova N.P., Zhuravskaya T.N., Mishchuk S.N., Danchenko E.V., Ryazantseva S.V., Polevoy N.M., Ponkratova L.A., Tsarevskaya E.A., Koroleva S.I., Novikova I.V., Reimera V.V., Rychkova E.S., Dyachenko V.N., Lazareva V.V. and others.  

Results. The statistical analysis of the labor component of the competitiveness of the Amur Region made it possible to identify the unfavorable demographic situation in the region, manifested in the annual decline in the labor force in the region. In this case, migration loss leads to a population decline. It is important to note that the share of labor in the total population of the region is increasing every year. At the same time, this increase is higher for men than for women. The employment rate of the population of the Amur region at the age of 15–72 years is increasing every year. Perhaps this trend indicates a decline in the standard of living of the population of the region, which forces the population in old age to engage in economic activity. Confirmation of this fact is a decrease in unemployment in the region. Another trend indirectly indicating a decrease in household income  is a 3.3-fold increase in employment among the elderly from 60 to 72 years. The largest number of labor resources is still engaged in trade. Assessment of the competitiveness of labor resources in the Amur region showed their inefficient use in the region. In the Far Eastern Federal District, the region is in the last but one place.  

Conclusion. The competitiveness of the region’s economy is determined by many factors, among which the labor potential occupies a special place. One of the most important tasks of successful socio-economic development of the region is to achieve the most efficient use of the potential of labor and business activity of the population of the region. It is possible to improve the use of labor resources in the region by creating new jobs, manufacturing products with high added value, increasing the level and quality of life of the population, creating the appropriate infrastructure for the life of the population of the territory. In the context of a reduction in the number of labor resources in the region, it is necessary to look for reserves to replenish them. In the increase in the retirement age of the population, attention should be paid to the elderly population as one of such reserves. In addition, taking into account the border position of the Amur region, we should think of the reasonable use for foreign labor in the region. The development and implementation of an effective policy of attracting older people and foreign citizens to work will achieve a balance in the formation and use of the labor potential of the region.

statistical analysis, labor resources, employment, unemployment rate, regional competitiveness, Amur region

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