Statistical Analysis of the State and Use of Fixed Assets in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry

The purpose of the study. The purpose of the study is to analyze the state and dynamics of fixed assets in the tourism and hospitality industry using statistical data analysis and forecasting methods.

Materials and methods. The information base was the Rosstat database in the context of the activities of enterprises in the field of hospitality and catering. Statistical analysis methods are used: analysis of dynamics, structure, coefficient analysis, correlation analysis, index method, forecasting. The prediction was carried out by constructing an ARIMA model. Calculations and estimation of Pearson pair correlation coefficients, Grainger causality estimation are performed. The initial data were previously brought to a stationary form using the TRAMO/SEATS procedure. The study period is 2020–2024. The following system applications were used: MS Excel, Gretl.

Results. The capitalization of non-current assets in the tourism and hospitality industry has increased more than fourfold over the period under review. The largest increase was observed in the “structures” group, the smallest – in the “non–residential and residential buildings and premises” group. The presence of significant structural shifts in fixed assets and the lack of identity in the compared structures were revealed. The rate of renewal of fixed assets significantly exceeds the rate of their disposal. The degree of depreciation of the entire set of fixed assets in the industry is relatively low, while it slightly exceeds the average values for the economy as a whole. The “machinery and equipment” group is characterized by the highest degree of depreciation, while the “non–residential buildings” group is characterized by the lowest. The capital-labour ratio index shows a decrease with a simultaneous increase in the capitalization of fixed assets, which is due to the lag in the dynamics of the material and technical equipment of the tourism industry behind the index of staffing. There is an increase in the efficiency of the use of fixed assets, characterized by an increase in the fixed assets turnover ratio. The index of profitability of fixed assets shows a mixed trend in dynamics: a decrease until 2020, and an annual increase from 2021. There has been a significant increase in capital investments in the tourism segment of the economy. It has been stablished that the real volume of investments in the industry is lower than planned. A high and direct relationship was recorded between the variables “return on fixed assets” and “financial result”, direct and noticeable – between “investments” and “profit”, “depreciation” and “investments”. The Granger causal relationship was recorded between the following variables: “investments in fixed assets” (cause) and “depreciation of fixed assets” (consequence), “availability of fixed assets” (cause) and “depreciation of fixed assets” (consequence).

Conclusion. The authors concluded that the tourism and hospitality sector, despite a series of successive crises, is actively developing, due to the growing capitalization of assets and increased efficiency of their use. The results obtained can be useful for government agencies and private investors to manage the industry.

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