System of National Accounts as an Information Base for Tax Statistics

The article is devoted to those aspects of the system of national accounts, which together perform the role of information base of tax statistics. In our time, the tax system is one of the main subjects of the discussions about the methods and directions of its reform.

Taxes are one of the main factors of regulation of the economy and act as an incentive for its development. Analysis of tax revenues to the budgets of different levels will enable to collect taxes and perform tax burden for various industries. From the amount of tax revenue it is possible to judge scales of reproductive processes in the country. It should be noted that taxes in the SNA are special. As mentioned earlier, in the SNA, taxes on products are treated in the form of income. At the same time, most economists prefer, their consideration in the form of consumption taxes, and taxes on various financial transactions (for example: taxes on the purchase/sale of securities) are treated as taxes on production, including in cases when there are no services. It would be rational to revise and amend the SNA associated with the interpretation of all taxes and subsidies, to ensure better understanding and compliance with user needs.

Taxes are an integral part of any state and an indispensable element of economic relations of any society. In turn, taxes and the budget are inextricably linked, as these relations have a clearly expressed, objective bilateral character. Taxes are the main groups of budget revenues, which makes it possible to finance all the government agencies and expenditure items, as well as the implementation of institutional subsidy units that make up the SNA sector “non-financial corporations”.

The second side story is that taxes – a part of the money that is taken from producers and households. The total mass of taxes depends on the composition of taxes, tax rates, tax base and scope of benefits. The bulk of tax revenues also depends on possible changes in classification of tax revenues and giving them a certainty of non-tax revenues. In modern reality, the taxes serve as basis on which the economic and financial security rests, as taxes provide financial resources to all levels of the economic system of our country. At all stages of the humankind existence, none of the states has managed without a system of taxes, to one degree or another. History tax goes back to the distant past. Taxes were always presented in the form of contributions of citizens in different types. The procedure for the collection of taxes was necessary for functioning of the political machinery.

The article formalizes and substantiates a serious accounting problem related to the terminologically ambiguous interpretation of the categories, applicable in different accounting systems: accounting, tax and statistical accounting. The boundaries of the same cash flows associated with execution by the taxpayer of obligations to the state, are different for these information systems. Other categories are not perceived in the different types of accounting in general, such as, for example, resource taxes. Moreover, most, not the individual, namely most of the terms, categories, definitions and approaches from the experts in the field of law generally cause confusion. The need for integration of procedures, conversion to a common methodological denominator of the borders of cash flows and of the object of study is obvious. 

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