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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">umovest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Статистика и Экономика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Statistics and Economics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2500-3925</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Plekhanov Russian University of Economics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21686/2500-3925-2026-1-82-90</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">umovest-1973</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТИСТИКА И МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКИЕ МЕТОДЫ В ЭКОНОМИКЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>STATISTICAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS  IN ECONOMICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка влияния инвестиций и цен на нефть на торговый баланс между Азербайджаном и Россией с использованием эконометрических методов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Assessing the Impact of İnvestment and Oil Prices on the Trade Balance Between Azerbaijan and Russia Using Econometric Methods</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусейнова</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Huseynova</surname><given-names>Sara M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сара Мубариз Гусейнова, к.э.н., доцент, доцент кафедры экономики и менеджмента</p><p>Баку</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sara M. Huseynova, Cand. Sci. (Economics), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Economics and Management</p><p>Baku</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">huseynova.sara@khazar.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нволиса</surname><given-names>Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nwolisa</surname><given-names>Nick</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ник Нволиса, к.э.н., старший преподаватель кафедры экономики и менеджмента</p><p>Баку</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nick Nwolisa, Cand. Sci. (Economics), Senior Lecturer, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Economics and Management</p><p>Baku</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nwolisa.chinedu@khazar.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Хазар</institution><country>Азербайджан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Khazar University</institution><country>Azerbaijan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>82</fpage><lpage>90</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гусейнова С.М., Нволиса Н., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гусейнова С.М., Нволиса Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Huseynova S.M., Nwolisa N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://statecon.rea.ru/jour/article/view/1973">https://statecon.rea.ru/jour/article/view/1973</self-uri><abstract><p>В данном исследовании изучается влияние иностранных инвестиций и цен на нефть на торговый баланс между Азербайджаном и Россией за период 1998 – 2024 годов с использованием годовых временных рядов и эконометрических методов.</p><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Целью данного исследования является изучение влияния иностранных инвестиций и цен на нефть на торговый баланс между Азербайджаном и Россией в период с 1998 по 2024 год. Применяя различные эконометрические методы, исследование нацелено на выявление направления, силы и характера взаимосвязей между ключевыми экономическими переменными. Цель исследования - определить, как колебания цен на нефть и инвестиционных потоков влияют на показатели двусторонней торговли, выявить причинно-следственные связи и предоставить рекомендации по политике, направленной на повышение экономической диверсификации и укрепление торгового сотрудничества между двумя странами.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методология</title><p>Материалы и методология. В исследовании использованы годовые данные временных рядов за период 1998–2024 годов для анализа влияния иностранных инвестиций и цен на нефть на торговый баланс между Азербайджаном и Россией. Данные были собраны из официальных статистических источников, включая Государственный комитет статистики Азербайджана, Центральный банк Азербайджана, Всемирный банк и международные энергетические базы данных.</p><p>В исследовании применён комплекс описательных и эконометрических методов для обеспечения всестороннего анализа. Сначала были использованы описательная статистика и корреляционный анализ для обобщения данных и выявления первоначальных взаимосвязей между переменными. Затем применена модель множественной линейной регрессии для количественной оценки влияния иностранных инвестиций Азербайджана, инвестиций России и мировых цен на нефть на торговый баланс между двумя странами.</p><p>Для проверки достоверности и надёжности модели были проведены диагностические тесты, включая тесты на автокорреляцию, гетероскедастичность и нормальность остатков. Также был применён анализ причинно-следственных связей Грейнджера (Granger causality) для определения направления взаимного влияния между переменными. Все расчёты выполнены с использованием программных пакетов Microsoft Excel и EViews 12.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Pезультаты эмпирических исследований показывают, что иностранные инвестиции Азербайджана оказывают наиболее сильное и значимое положительное влияние на торговый баланс между Азербайджаном и Россией, что свидетельствует о том, что приток внутреннего капитала способствует улучшению показателей торговли. Цены на нефть также оказывают положительное влияние, подтверждая, что более высокие цены на нефть стимулируют инвестиционную активность и товарооборот.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Полученные результаты подчеркивают стратегическую важность цен на нефть в определении инвестиционных и торговых моделей. Для обеспечения устойчивого экономического роста и снижения уязвимости к внешним потрясениям Азербайджану и России следует стремиться к большей диверсификации экономики, содействовать созданию взаимных инвестиционных возможностей и укреплять двустороннее сотрудничество за пределами энергетического сектора.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This research investigates the impact of foreign investment and oil prices on the trade balance between Azerbaijan and Russia over the period 1998 – 2024 using annual time-series data and econometric methods.</p><p>The purpose of the research. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of foreign investment and oil prices on the trade balance between Azerbaijan and Russia during the period 1998 –2024. By applying various econometric techniques, the study aims to identify the direction, strength, and nature of the relationships among these key economic variables. The research seeks to determine how fluctuations in oil prices and investment flows influence bilateral trade performance, to reveal causal interlinkages, and to provide policy insights for enhancing economic diversification and strengthening trade cooperation between two countries.</p><p>Materials and methodology. This study utilizes annual time-series data covering the period from 1998 to 2024 to analyze the impact of foreign investment and oil prices on the trade balance between Azerbaijan and Russia. The data were collected from official statistical sources, including the State Statistical Committee of the Republic of Azerbaijan, the Central Bank of Azerbaijan, the World Bank, and international energy databases.The research employs a combination of descriptive and econometric methods to ensure comprehensive analysis. Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis were first used to summarize the data and examine initial relationships among the variables. The multiple linear regression model was then applied to quantify the effects of Azerbaijan’s foreign investment, Russia’s foreign investment, and global oil prices on the trade balance between two countries. To verify the validity and reliability of the model, several diagnostic tests were performed, including tests for autocorrelation, heteroskedasticity, and normality of residuals. The study also applies Granger causality analysis to identify the direction of causal relationships among the variables. All the calculations are made in Microsoft Excel and Eviews 12 application software packages.</p><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The empirical results indicate that Azerbaijan’s foreign investment has the strongest and most significant positive effect on the trade balance between Azerbaijan and Russia, suggesting that domestic capital inflows enhance trade performance. Oil prices also exert a positive impact, confirming that higher oil prices stimulate investment activity and trade turnover.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The findings emphasize the strategic importance of oil prices in determining investment and trade patterns. To ensure sustainable economic growth and reduce vulnerability to external shocks, Azerbaijan and Russia should pursue greater economic diversification, promote mutual investment opportunities, and strengthen bilateral cooperation beyond the energy sector.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>товарооборот Азербайджана и России</kwd><kwd>иностранные инвестиции</kwd><kwd>цены на нефть</kwd><kwd>эконометрический анализ</kwd><kwd>причинно-следственная связь по Грейнджеру</kwd><kwd>экономическое сотрудничество</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>trade turnover between Azerbaijan and Russia</kwd><kwd>foreign investment</kwd><kwd>oil prices</kwd><kwd>econometric analysis</kwd><kwd>Granger causality</kwd><kwd>economic cooperation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chakır B., Recepoghlu M., Hajaloghlu P. 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