<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">umovest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Статистика и Экономика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Statistics and Economics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2500-3925</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Plekhanov Russian University of Economics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21686/2500-3925-2023-3-67-84</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">umovest-1751</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ СТАТИСТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SOCIAL STATISTICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительный межстрановый анализ уровня развития научной и инновационной деятельности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative Cross-Country Analysis of the Development Level of Scientific and Innovative Activity</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Заварухин</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zavarukhin</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Петрович Заварухин - К.э.н., директор</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir P. Zavarukhin - Cand. Sci. (Economics), Director</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">V.Zavarukhin@issras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чинаева</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chinaeva</surname><given-names>T. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Игоревна Чинаева - К.э.н., доцент департамента бизнес-аналитики Факультета налогов, аудита и бизнес-анализа, зав. сектором</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana I. Сhinaeva - Cand. Sci. (Economics), Associate Professor of the Department of Business Analytics of the Faculty of Taxes, Audit and Business Analysis, Head of Sector</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">t.chinaeva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чурилова</surname><given-names>Э. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Churilova</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Эльвира Юрьевна Чурилова - К.э.н, доцент Департамента бизнес-аналитики Факультета налогов, аудита и бизнес-анализа; ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana I. Сhinaeva - Cand. Sci. (Economics), Associate Professor of the Department of Business  Analytics of the Faculty of Taxes, Audit and Business Analysis, Leading Researcher</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">EChurilova@fa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт проблем развития науки РАН (ИПРАН РАН)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute for the Study of Science of Russian Academy of Sciences, (ISS RAS)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт проблем развития науки РАН (ИПРАН РАН); Финансовый университет при Правительстве Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute for the Study of Science of Russian Academy of Sciences, (ISS RAS); Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>67</fpage><lpage>84</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Заварухин В.П., Чинаева Т.И., Чурилова Э.Ю., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Заварухин В.П., Чинаева Т.И., Чурилова Э.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zavarukhin V.P., Chinaeva T.I., Churilova E.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://statecon.rea.ru/jour/article/view/1751">https://statecon.rea.ru/jour/article/view/1751</self-uri><abstract><p>Прогрессивное экономическое развитие стран в современном мире основано на соответствующем развитии научной и инновационной деятельности. В работе проведен анализ основных показателей, характеризующих состояние научного потенциала и показателей, отражающих результативность научной деятельности по 43-м странам мира, включая Россию и Китай. Выявлены взаимосвязи показателей и построены регрессионные уравнения, описывающие имеющиеся зависимости. На основе полученных моделей даны оценки результатов научной деятельности по двум странам: России и Китая. Оценки сопоставлены с фактическими уровнями показателей и сделаны выводы об эффективности использования имеющихся научных ресурсов.Цель исследования. Целью исследования являлось определение однородных групп регионов, схожих по своим экономическим и инновационным показателям, статистический анализ этих групп на основе непараметрических методов и методов корреляционно-регрессионного анализа, формирование выводов и рекомендаций, касающихся их инновационной деятельности.Материалы и методы. В исследовании использовались следующие статистические методы: непараметрические, корреляционно-регрессионные, многомерные классификации (кластерный анализ), дискриминантный анализ, описательные статистики (средние, структурные средние, показатели вариации и др.). В работе использовались статистические данные Всемирного банка, OECD, Росстата. Расчеты проводились в пакете прикладных программ STATISTICA 12.0.Результаты. В работе проведена классификация стран по уровню научного потенциала и научных результативности. Определена кластерная принадлежность России. Поиск круга стран, имеющих с Россией сходные условия научного потенциала для дальнейшего использования опыта этих стран – одна из целей работы. В результате проведенного анализа можно отметить, что изобретательская активность населения России достаточно высока, в то же время крайне слабо используется научный потенциал в отношении научных публикаций. В Китае можно отметить высокие значения уровня изобретательской активности и средней цитируемости научных публикаций. Показатель числа выданных патентов, рассматриваемый по всей совокупности, имеет тесную линейную связь с ВВП на душу населения и тесную нелинейную связь с внутренними затратами на исследования и разработки в процентах к ВВП и численностью персонала, занятого исследованиями и разработками, в расчете на 10000 занятых в экономике. В разбивке по кластерным группам перечисленные зависимости не обнаружены у развитых стран, вошедших в первый кластер, но подтвердились для остальных стран.Заключение. Анализ изобретательской активности населения России показал, что при существующем научном потенциале стране удалось достигнуть в этой области гораздо лучших результатов, чем это могло быть исходя из значений среднедушевого ВВП, затрат на исследования и разработки, численности персонала и др. (превышение по разным моделям приблизительно в 1,4 – 2,7 раз). В целом по совокупности стран показатель цитируемости имеет достаточную связь с показателем ВВП на душу населения и численностью персонала, занимающегося исследованиями и разработками, но на нее не оказывает значимого влияния объем внутренних затрат в расчете на одного исследователя и доля внутренних затрат в процентах к ВВП. Опыт Китая подтверждает данный вывод: при невысоком значении затрат на одного исследователя стране удалось достигнуть высоких результатов в инновационной области, но данное явление может объясняться существованием определенного лага между развитием показателей. Отдельно по кластерным группам, разбивающим всю совокупность стран на высокоразвитые, слабо развитые и страны, занимающие промежуточное положение, связь показателя цитируемости с другими показателями не обнаружена.Данная работа ориентирована, в первую очередь, на специалистов, занимающихся проблемами развития науки, в частности российской. Установленные связи между показателями, характеризующими уровень научного потенциала и научных результативности, описанные с помощью линейных и нелинейных моделей, помогут практикам, решающим вопросы организации и финансирования науки, найти лучшие пути решения возникающих проблем.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The progressive economic development of countries in the modern world is based on the corresponding development of scientific and innovative activities. The paper analyzes the main indexes characterizing the state of scientific potential and indexes reflecting the effectiveness of scientific activity in 43 countries of the world, including Russia and China. Interrelations of indexes are revealed and regression equations describing the existing dependencies are constructed. Based on the obtained models, the results of scientific activity are estimated for two countries: Russia and China. The estimates are compared with the actual levels of indexes and conclusions are drawn about the effectiveness of the use of available scientific resources.Purpose of the study. The aim of the study was to identify homogeneous groups of regions that are similar in their economic and innovative indexes, statistical analysis of these groups based on non-parametric methods and methods of correlation and regression analysis, and the formation of conclusions and recommendations regarding their innovative activities.Materials and methods. The following statistical methods were used in the study: non-parametric, correlation-regression, multivariate classifications (cluster analysis), discriminant analysis, descriptive statistics (averages, structural averages, variation indexes, etc.). The work used the statistical data of the World Bank, OECD, Rosstat. The calculations were carried out using the STATISTICA 12.0 software package.Results. The paper classifies countries according to the level of scientific potential and scientific performance. The cluster affiliation of Russia is determined. The search for a circle of countries that have similar conditions of scientific potential with Russia for further use of the experience of these countries is one of the goals of the paper. As a result of the analysis, it can be noted that the inventive activity of the Russian population is quite high, at the same time, the scientific potential in relation to scientific publications is used extremely poorly. In China, high levels of inventive activity and average citation of scientific publications can be noted. The number of patents granted, taken as a whole, has a strong linear relationship with GDP per capita and a strong non-linear relationship with domestic spending on research and development as a percentage of GDP and the number of people employed in research and development per 10,000 employed in the economy. By cluster groups, the listed dependencies were not found in the developed countries included in the first cluster, but were confirmed for the other of the countries.Conclusion. An analysis of the inventive activity of the Russian population showed that, with the existing scientific potential, the country managed to achieve much better results in this area than it could be based on the values of per capita GDP, research and development costs, the number of personnel, etc. (the excess according to different models is approximately 1.4 - 2.7 times). In general, for the totality of countries, the citation rate has a sufficient relationship with GDP per capita and the number of staff involved in research and development, but the volume of internal costs per researcher and the share of internal costs as a percentage of GDP do not significantly affect it. The experience of China confirms this conclusion: with a low cost per researcher, the country managed to achieve high results in the innovation field, but this phenomenon can be explained by the existence of a certain lag between the development of indexes. Separately, for cluster groups that divide the entire set of countries into highly developed, underdeveloped and countries occupying an intermediate position, no relationship was found between the citation index and other indexes.This paper is focused, first, on specialists dealing with the problems of the development of science, in particular Russian. The established relationships between indexes characterizing the level of scientific potential and scientific performance, described using linear and non-linear models, will help practitioners who decide on the organization and financing of science to find the best ways to solve emerging problems.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>научный потенциал</kwd><kwd>научные результаты</kwd><kwd>патентная активность</kwd><kwd>анализ цитируемости публикаций</kwd><kwd>зависимость экономических и научных показателей</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>scientific potential</kwd><kwd>scientific results</kwd><kwd>patent activity</kwd><kwd>analysis of citations of publications</kwd><kwd>dependence of economic and scientific indexes</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kosov M.E., Sigarev A.V., Malashenko G.T., Kharakoz J. K., Sekacheva A. B. Economic cycles: Influence on the innovation system of Russia // Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics. 2019. № 10(6). С. 1794–1800.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kosov M.E., Sigarev A.V., Malashenko G.T., Kharakoz J. K., Sekacheva A. B. Economic cycles: Influence on the innovation system of Russia. Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics. 2019; 10(6): 1794-1800.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Popova L.V., Maslova I.A., Korostelkina I.A., Dedkova E.G., Maslov B.G., Lozhkina S.L. Innovation economy: A study of the influence of international experience on the russian economic system // Espacios. 2019. № 40 (10). С. 1–10.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Popova L.V., Maslova I.A., Korostelkina I.A., Dedkova E.G., Maslov B.G., Lozhkina S.L. Innovation economy: A study of the influence of international experience on the russian economic system. Espacios. 2019; 40(10): 1-10.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pylypenko H., Fedorova N., Huzenko I., Naumenko N. Paradoxes of economic development: Science and innovation in the modern world // Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu. 2020. № 2. С. 153–159.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pylypenko H., Fedorova N., Huzenko I., Naumenko N. Paradoxes of economic development: Science and innovation in the modern world. Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu. 2020; 2: 153-159.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kniazevych A., Kraichuk S., Ostapchuk N. The concept of management of the development of national innovation systems. Paper presented at the International Conference on High Technology for Sustainable Development, HiTech 2018 – Proceedings.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kniazevych A., Kraichuk S., Ostapchuk N. The concept of management of the development of national innovation systems. Paper presented at the International Conference on High Technology for Sustainable Development, HiTech 2018 – Proceedings.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Paryzkyy I.V. State policy of innovative development of national economy: Situation and issues of implementation // Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics. 2018. № 9(8). С. 2721–2732.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Paryzkyy I.V. State policy of innovative development of national economy: Situation and issues of implementation. Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics. 2018; 9(8): 2721-2732.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Официальный сайт Всемирного банка [Электрон. ресурс]. Режим доступа: https:// data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP. PP.KD?most_recent_year_desc=false.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ofitsial’nyy sayt Vsemirnogo banka = Official website of the World Bank [Internet]. Available from: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.KD?most_recent_year_desc=-false.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Официальный сайт Федеральной службы государственной статистики [Электрон. ресурс]. Режим доступа: https:// rosstat.gov.ru.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ofitsial’nyy sayt Federal’noy sluzhby gosudarstvennoy statistiki = Official website of the Federal State Statistics Service [Internet]. Available from: https:// rosstat.gov.ru. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Заварухин В.П., Соломенцева О.А., Солопова М.А., Чинаева Т.И. и др. Показатели развития российской и мировой науки: сравнительный анализ: Аналитико-статистический сборник. М.: ИПРАН РАН, 2022. 265 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zavarukhin V.P., Solomentseva O.A., Solopova M.A., Chinayeva T.I. et al. Pokazateli razvitiya rossiyskoy i mirovoy nauki: sravnitel’nyy analiz: Analitiko-statisticheskiy sbornik = Indicators of the development of Russian and world science: a comparative analysis: Analytical and statistical collection. Moscow: IPRAN RAS; 2022. 265 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Официальный сайт The Global Innovation Index [Электрон. ресурс]. Режим доступа: https:// www.globalinnovationindex.org/home.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ofitsial’nyy sayt The Global Innovation Index = Official website of The Global Innovation Index [Internet]. Available from: https://www.globalinnovationindex.org/home.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mikheeva T., Pankova V. On the theory of innovative education // Paper presented at the E3S Web of Conferences, 2021. 273 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mikheeva T., Pankova V. On the theory of innovative education. Paper presented at the E3S Web of Conferences, 2021. 273 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dubiei Y.V. Interrelation between human capital and innovation in the context of technical and technological development of a country // Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu. 2020. № 6. С. 148–154.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dubiei Y.V. Interrelation between human capital and innovation in the context of technical and technological development of a country. Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu. 2020; 6: 148-154.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Churilova E.Y., Salin V.N., Shpakovskaia E.P., Sitnikova, O.Y. Influence of world social and economic indicators’ interlinkage on the development of human potential // Journal of International Studies. 2019. № 12(4). С. 79–99.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Churilova E.Y., Salin V.N., Shpakovskaia E.P., Sitnikova, O. Y. Influence of world social and economic indicators’ interlinkage on the development of human potential. Journal of International Studies. 2019; 12(4): 79-99.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Velasco N.Y.G., Gregorio-Chaviano O., Alfonso A.L. B. Dynamics of colombian scientific production in economics. a bibliometric study in scopus 2007 – 2019 // Lecturas De Economia. 2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Velasco N.Y.G., Gregorio-Chaviano O., Alfonso A.L. B. Dynamics of colombian scientific production in economics. a bibliometric study in scopus 2007 – 2019. Lecturas De Economia, 2021.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Andrikopoulos A., Trichas G. Publication patterns and coauthorship in the journal of corporate finance // Journal of Corporate Finance. 2018. № 51. С. 98–108.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Andrikopoulos A., Trichas G. Publication patterns and coauthorship in the journal of corporate finance. Journal of Corporate Finance. 2018; 51: 98-108.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tret’yakova O.V. Russian economic journals indexed in Web of Science: current state and the ways of increasing international visibility // Economic and Social Changes: Facts, Trends. 2019. № 12(6). С. 292–311.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tret’yakova O.V. Russian economic journals indexed in Web of Science: current state and the ways of increasing international visibility. Economic and Social Changes: Facts, Trends. 2019; 12(6): 292-311.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zheng Z., Huang C., Yang Y. Patent protection, innovation, and technology transfer in a schumpeterian economy // European Economic Review. 2020. 129.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zheng Z., Huang C., Yang Y. Patent protection, innovation, and technology transfer in a schumpeterian economy. European Economic Review. 2020: 129.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen Z., Zhang J., Zi, Y. A cost-benefit analysis of R&amp;D and patents: Firm-level evidence from china // European Economic Review. 2021. № 13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen Z., Zhang J., Zi, Y. A cost-benefit analysis of R&amp;D and patents: Firm-level evidence from china. European Economic Review. 2021: 13.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Howell A., Lin J., Worack S. Going out to innovate more at home: Impacts of outward direct investments on chinese firms’ domestic innovation performance // China Economic Review. 2020. № 60.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Howell A., Lin J., Worack S. Going out to innovate more at home: Impacts of outward direct investments on chinese firms’ domestic innovation performance. China Economic Review. 2020: 60.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кузнецов В.И., Ларионова Е.И., Чинаева Т.И. Анализ экономики Китая в XXI веке // Статистика и экономика. 2021. Т. 18. № 2. С. 57–70.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuznetsov V.I., Larionova Ye.I., Chinayeva T.I. Analysis of China’s economy in the 21st century. Statistika i ekonomika = Statistics and Economics. 2021; 18; 2: 57–70. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tambovceva T., Tereshina M., Samarina V. Green innovations in regional economy // Paper presented at the Engineering for Rural Development. 2019. № 18. С. 1832–1839.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tambovceva T., Tereshina M., Samarina V. Green innovations in regional economy. Paper presented at the Engineering for Rural Development. 2019; 18: 1832-1839.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Auzina A., Licite L., Jankova L. Eco-innovation performance in latvia and the interrelation of the factors affecting IT // Paper presented at the International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Surveying Geology and Mining Ecology Management, SGEM. (2020-August). 2020. P. 177–186.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Auzina A., Licite L., Jankova L. Eco-innovation performance in latvia and the interrelation of the factors affecting IT. Paper presented at the International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Surveying Geology and Mining Ecology Management, SGEM. (2020-August). 2020: 177-186.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kesidou E., Wu L. Stringency of environmental regulation and eco-innovation: Evidence from the eleventh five-year plan and green patents // Economics Letters. 2020. 190 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kesidou E., Wu L. Stringency of environmental regulation and eco-innovation: Evidence from the eleventh five-year plan and green patents. Economics Letters. 2020. 190 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marozau R., Guerrero M., Urbano D. Impacts of universities in different stages of economic development // Journal of the Knowledge Economy. 2021. № 12(1).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marozau R., Guerrero M., Urbano D. Impacts of universities in different stages of economic development. Journal of the Knowledge Economy. 2021: 12(1).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arucu M., Kalayci T. Contribution of university-industry collaboration in science, technology and innovation // Local governance and regional development: Current perspectives, 2021. С. 123–139.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arucu M., Kalayci T. Contribution of university-industry collaboration in science, technology and innovation. Local governance and regional development: Current perspectives, 2021: 123-139.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rodionov D., Velichenkova D. Relation between russian universities and regional innovation development // Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 2020. № 6(4). С. 1–26.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rodionov D., Velichenkova D. Relation between russian universities and regional innovation development. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 2020; 6(4): 1-26.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Заварухин В.П., Соломенцева О.А, Солопова М. А., Чинаева Т.И. и др. Показатели развития российской и мировой науки: сравнительный анализ: аналитико-статистический сборник. Выпуск 3. М.: ИПРАН РАН, 2021. 200 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zavarukhin V.P., Solomentseva O.A, Solopova M. A., Chinayeva T.I. et al. Pokazateli razvitiya rossiyskoy i mirovoy nauki: sravnitel’nyy analiz: analitiko-statisticheskiy sbornik. Vypusk 3 = Indicators of the development of Russian and world science: a comparative analysis: analytical and statistical collection. Issue 3. Moscow: IPRAN RAS, 2021. 200 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Заварухин В.П., Соломенцева О.А, Чинаева Т.И., Солопова М. А. Сравнительный анализ основных показателей, характеризующих развитие научной сферы стран мира и России // Инновации. 2021. № 12(278). С. 3–11.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zavarukhin V.P., Solomentseva O.A, Chinayeva T.I., Solopova M. A. Comparative analysis of the main indicators characterizing the development of the scientific sphere of the countries of the world and Russia. Innovatsii = Innovations. 2021; 12(278): 3-11. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Черных С.И., Фролова Н.Д., Байбулатова Д.В. и др. Зарубежный опыт финансирования исследований и разработок и возможности его применения в России. М.: ИПРАН РАН, 2020. 232 с</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chernykh S. I., Frolova N.D., Baybulatova D.V. et al. Zarubezhnyy opyt finansirovaniya issledovaniy i razrabotok i vozmozhnosti yego primeneniya v Rossii = Foreign experience in financing research and development and the possibility of its application in Russia. Moscow: IPRAN RAS; 2020. 232 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Raghupathi V., Raghupathi W. Exploring science-and-technology-led innovation: A crosscountry study // Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship. 2019. № 8(1). С. 1–45.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Raghupathi V., Raghupathi W. Exploring science-and-technology-led innovation: A cross-country study. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship. 2019; 8(1): 1-45.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fudickar R., Hottenrott H., Lawson C. What’s the price of academic consulting? effects of public and private sector consulting on academic research // Industrial and Corporate Change. 2018. № 27(4). С. 699–722.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fudickar R., Hottenrott H., Lawson C. What’s the price of academic consulting? effects of public and private sector consulting on academic research. Industrial and Corporate Change. 2018; 27(4): 699-722.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pylypenko H., Fedorova N., Huzenko I., Naumenko N. Paradoxes of economic development: Science and innovation in the modern world // Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu. 2020. № 2. С. 153–159.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pylypenko H., Fedorova N., Huzenko I., Naumenko N. Paradoxes of economic development: Science and innovation in the modern world. Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu. 2020; 2: 153-159.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
