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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">umovest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Статистика и Экономика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Statistics and Economics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2500-3925</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Plekhanov Russian University of Economics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21686/2500-3925-2022-2-14-22</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">umovest-1597</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЕ СЧЕТА И МАКРОЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ СТАТИСТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NATIONAL ACCOUNTS AND MACROECONOMIC STATISTICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эконометрический анализ и моделирование динамики развития платежного баланса в Азербайджане</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Econometric analysis and modeling of the dynamics of the balance of payments’ development in Azerbaijan</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3225-389X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Айюбова</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ayyubova</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>  Натаван Солтан Айюбова, к.э.н., доцент кафедры Математическойэкономикиг. Баку </p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Natavan S. Ayyubova Cand. Sci. (Economics), Associate Professor of theDepartment of Mathematical EconomicsBaku </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">neyyubova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Бакинский  Государственный Университет</institution><country>Азербайджан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Baku State Universitety</institution><country>Azerbaijan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>22</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Айюбова Н.С., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Айюбова Н.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ayyubova N.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://statecon.rea.ru/jour/article/view/1597">https://statecon.rea.ru/jour/article/view/1597</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования. Исследование посвящено эконометрическому анализу и моделированию динамики развития платежного баланса Азербайджана, формированию математико-статистического тренда, способной дать перспективную оценкуразвития платежного баланса. В соответствии с целью были поставлены задачи выбора наилучшего состава объясняющих факторов для модели, с помощью характеристик и критериев корреляционного и регрессионного анализа, эконометрических тестов расчет оценок характера и тесноты связи между объясняющими факторами, зависимым и независимыми факторами, проверки стационарности ряда. Материалы и методы. Использованы официальные статистические данные Государственного Комитета Статистики и Центрального Банка Азербайджана, научные труды и исследования ученых, специалистов, как азербайджанских, так и зарубежных, в областях экономики и математико-экономического моделирования. Для эмпирического анализа нестационарных временных рядов в работе применены статистические методы обработки информации, для проверки адекватности и тестирования многомерной модели использованы соответствующие критерии и современные эконометрические процедуры с учетом воздействия экзогенных факторов. Для расчетов использованы пакеты прикладных программ, таких как Excel и Eviews 8.Результаты. Создана многомерная регрессионная модель, позволяющая проводить экономико-статистический анализ динамики счета текущих операций платежного баланса; определены форма и направления функциональной зависимости между зависимыми и независимыми переменными, оценена изменчивость переменных, проанализированы результаты многомерного регрессионного анализа по эконометрическим методикам; измерены и интерпретированы количественные характеристики механизмов влияния объясняющих факторов на платежный баланс; в модели исследованы корреляционные зависимости для причинно-следственных зависимостей, выполнен тест Грейнджера и выявлены факторы, достоверно объясняющие исход с высокими вероятностями на основе критерия Фишера; стационарность модели измерялась на основе теста Дики-Фуллера. При разностях первой и второй степени стационарность модели авторегрессии определялась на основе критерия Стьюдента путем изменения величины лага. В процессе моделирования изначально построенная модель, охватывающая 1995–2017-е годы с 5-ю факторами как, иностранные инвестиции, экспорт, импорт, курс маната, общие инвестиции, показала недостаточную адекватность, то есть не стационарность ряда текущего счета платежного баланса. Курс национальной валюты, который участвует в модели как объясняющий фактор, подверг значения зависимого ряда большим колебаниям, росту дисперсии в остатках, что создала не стационарность и которое можно объяснить деноминацией национальной валюты в 2006 году. В последующем шаге был исследован период охватывающий 2006–2017-е годы. Также в процессе исследования в модель были добавлены независимые факторы, как дефицит государственного бюджета и валютные резервы. В результате была построена многофакторная эконометрическая модель.Заключение. Построенная авторегрессионная модель достаточно адекватна, демонстрирует стационарность для временного ряда зависимой переменной и может считаться пригодной для прогнозных значений текущего счета платежного баланса. Для выработки конкретных рекомендаций перспективного развития платежного баланса, полученные результаты исследования, обоснованные проведенным анализом динамики развития платежного баланса, дают возможность выявить реальные тенденции платежного баланса Азербайджана по текущемусчету и определить его взаимозависимость с другими макроэкономическими переменными.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Purpose of the study. The study is devoted to econometric analysis and modeling of the dynamics of the balance of payments’ development of Azerbaijan, the formation of a mathematical and statistical trend that can give a perspective assessment of the development of the balance of payments. In accordance with the goal, the tasks of choosing the best composition of explanatory factors for the model were set, using the characteristics and criteria of correlation and regression analysis, econometric tests, calculating estimates of the nature and closeness of the relationship between the explanatory factors, dependent and independent factors, testing the stationarity of the series.Materials and methods. The official statistical data of the State Statistics Committee and the Central Bank of Azerbaijan, scientific works and studies of scientists, specialists, both Azerbaijani and foreign, in the fields of economics, mathematical and economic modeling were used. For the empirical analysis of non-stationary time series, statistical methods of information processing are used inthe work; to check the adequacy and test the multivariate model, the appropriate criteria and modern econometric procedures are used, taking into account the impact of exogenous factors. For calculations, application packages such as Excel and Eviews 8 were used.Results. A multivariate regression model has been created that makes it possible to conduct an economic and statistical analysis of the dynamics of the current account of the balance of payments; the form and directions of the functional relationship between dependent and independent variables were determined, variability of variables was estimated, the results of multivariate regression analysis using econometric methods were analyzed; the quantitative characteristics of the mechanisms of influence of explanatory factors on the balance of payments were measured and interpreted; correlation dependencies for causal dependencies were investigated in the model, the Granger test was performed and factors were identified that reliably explain the outcome with high probabilities based on the Fisher criterion; the stationarity of the model was measured based on the Dickey-Fuller test. With differences of the first and second degree, the stationarity of the autoregressive model was determined based on the Student’s criterion by changing the lag value. In the process of modeling, the initially constructed model, covering the years 1995-2017 with five factors such as foreign investment, exports, imports, manat exchange rate, general investments, showed insufficient adequacy, that is, non-stationarity of the current account series of the balance of payments. The exchange rate of the national currency, which is involved in the model as an explanatory factor, subjected the values of the dependent series to large fluctuations, an increase in the variance in the residue, which created non-stationarity and which can be explained by the denomination of the national currency in 2006. In the next step, the period covering 2006-2017 was examined. In addition, in the process of research, independent factors were added to the model, such as state budget deficit and foreign exchange reserves. As a result, a multifactorial econometric model was created. Conclusion. The constructed autoregressive model is quite adequate, demonstrates stationarity for the time series of the dependent variable and can be considered suitable for predictive values of the current account of the balance of payments. To develop specific recommendations for the long-term development of the balance of payments, the results of the study, substantiated by the analysis of the dynamics of the development of the balance of payments, make it possible to identify real trends in the balance of payments of Azerbaijan on the current account and determine its interdependence with other macroeconomic variables.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>платежный баланс</kwd><kwd>текущий счет</kwd><kwd>эконометрическая модель</kwd><kwd>описательная статистика</kwd><kwd>вариабельность</kwd><kwd>стационарность</kwd><kwd>тест Дики Фуллера</kwd><kwd>тест Грейнджера</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>the balance of payments</kwd><kwd>current account</kwd><kwd>econometric model</kwd><kwd>descriptive statistics</kwd><kwd>variability</kwd><kwd>stationary</kwd><kwd>Dickey Fuller Test</kwd><kwd>Granger Test.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mendoza E., Uribe M. 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