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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">umovest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Статистика и Экономика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Statistics and Economics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2500-3925</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Plekhanov Russian University of Economics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21686/2500-3925-2019-6-67-76</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">umovest-1393</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЯ СТАТИСТИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORY OF STATISTICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Индекс потребительских цен США во второй половине XX века: методика расчета и векторы ее изменения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>U.S. consumer price index in the second half of XX century: calculation strategy and ways of its changes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козлова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мария Александровна Козлова</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria A. Kozlova</p><p>Yekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kozlova_mary@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский государственный экономический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural State University of Economics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>67</fpage><lpage>76</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Козлова М.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Козлова М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kozlova M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://statecon.rea.ru/jour/article/view/1393">https://statecon.rea.ru/jour/article/view/1393</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель представленного исследования предполагает выявление траектории развития и трансформации индекса потребительских цен США во второй половине XX как практические оцениваемого показателя.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Изучение исторического развития методики расчета индекса потребительских цен осуществляется на основе методических документов Бюро статистики труда США и его теоретико-практических исследований, публикуемых в Monthly Labor Review. Основным методом данной работы является историко-описательный подход.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Обобщение информации об индексе потребительских цен США в рамках пяти пересмотров методики его расчета во второй половине XX века реализовывалось согласно тем этапам, которые представляет сегодня Росстат для расчета национального индекса потребительских цен. На первом этапе анализируется динамика числа населенных пунктов, включенных в наблюдение за потребительскими ценами, а также изменение принципов их отбора. На втором этапе рассматриваются принципы отбора пунктов продаж потребительских товаров и услуг. На третьем этапе описывается набор товаров и услуг, включенных в наблюдение за потребительскими ценами, и динамика его состава. На четвертом этапе обобщаются принципы непосредственной регистрации цен, а именно, их частота в разных типах населенных пунктов и для разных типов товаров и услуг. На пятом этапе рассматриваются источники и ограничения сбора информации для формирования весов, необходимых для расчета индексов цен на высоких уровнях агрегации. На шестом этапе структурируется методика непосредственного расчета средних цен на товары и услуги и индексы цен на них и рассматриваются траектории ее трансформации.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В результате определены направления развития методики расчета индекса потребительских цен США, которые могут быть рассмотрены как альтернативные варианты решения проблем при расчете индексов цен других стран. Среди направлений следует выделить увеличение выборок населенных пунктов и наборов товаров и услуг, расширение возможностей вероятностного подхода, оформление структуры классификации товаров и услуг, равная периодичность обновления весов и создание системы индексов потребительских цен.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose of this research is a detection of U.S. consumer price index development and change ways emerged in the second half of XX century. Consumer price index is considered as a practically evaluable index number.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. This research is based on the methodology documents of U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and its theoretical and practical papers published in Monthly Labor Review. The basic method is historical and descriptive techniques.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Data generalization for U.S. consumer price index across five revisions is realized in structure of the calculation method, adapted by ROSSTAT for the national consumer price index. Firstly the dynamic of number of cities, included in consumer price survey and changes of its sample is analyzed. Secondly the principles of point of purchase sampling is in focus. Thirdly the set of goods and services and dynamics of its structure are considered. Fourthly there is a generalization of pricing procedure principles that is frequency according to the type of cities and feature of goods and services. Fifthly the source and limits of data collecting for weights which needed for consumer price index calculation on the high level of aggregation. And sixthly there is description of mean price and price index calculation.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The main ways of development and transformation in U.S. consumer price index are defined. It may be considered as alternative solutions in consumer price index of other countries. The main ways are the increase of city and goods sampling, extension of probability use, formation of good classification, equal temporal interval of weight renovation and creation of price index system.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>индекс потребительских цен</kwd><kwd>индекс стоимости жизни</kwd><kwd>потребительские товары и услуги</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>consumer price index</kwd><kwd>cost-of-living index</kwd><kwd>consumer goods and services</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Козлова М.А. Индекс потребительских цен в эпоху двух мировых войн: история развития практики и теоретических концепций // Вестник Самарского государственного экономического университета. 2018. №8 (166). 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