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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">umovest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Статистика и Экономика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Statistics and Economics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2500-3925</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Plekhanov Russian University of Economics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21686/2500-3925-2018-6-15-25</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">umovest-1313</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ СТАТИСТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ECONOMIC STATISTICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Факторы, оказывающие воздействие на кредитование малых и средних предприятий во Вьетнаме</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The factors affecting accessibility to credit  capital of small and medium enterprises in Vietnam</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2355-7587</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тхе Донг</surname><given-names>Фунг</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>The Dong</surname><given-names>Phung</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>К.э.н., преподаватель, факультет Плана развития</p><p>г. Ханой</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Economics), Lecturer </p><p>Hanoi</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pthedong@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тхи Хонг Ньям</surname><given-names>Нгуен</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Thi Hong Nham</surname><given-names>Nguyen</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аспирант, преподаватель </p><p>г. Ханой </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Post-graduate student, LecturerHanoi</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nhamnt.apd@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Академия Политики и Развития при Министерстве Планирования и Инвестиций</institution><country>Вьетнам</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Academy of Policy and Development under the Ministry of planning and investment</institution><country>Viet Nam</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>12</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>25</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тхе Донг Ф., Тхи Хонг Ньям Н., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тхе Донг Ф., Тхи Хонг Ньям Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">The Dong P., Thi Hong Nham N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://statecon.rea.ru/jour/article/view/1313">https://statecon.rea.ru/jour/article/view/1313</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Статья отозвана</title><p>Статья отозвана</p><p>Трудность в доступе к кредитам является одним из основных препятствий на пути развития малых и средних предприятий (МСП) во Вьетнаме. Низкая доступность капитала вынуждает МСП тратить как официальные, так и неофициальные расходы на получение кредитов и/или на доступ к неофициальному рынку с более высокими процентными ставками, тем самым увеличивая стоимость производства предприятий. Исследования показывают, что детерминанты обработки банковских кредитов, через которые малые и средние предприятия могут получить доступ к официальным кредитам, включают: характеристики предприятий; показатели, отражающие показатели деятельности предприятий; характеристики кредитов; характеристики предприятий, владельцев предприятий; географическое положение предприятий; кредитоспособность предприятий и роль сети.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Целью настоящей работы является количественный анализ факторов, оказывающие воздействие на кредитование малых и средних предприятий во Вьетнаме.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Для достижения поставленной цели статья была проведена на основе опроса в декабре 2017 года. В опросах приняли участие 301 предприятие в городе Ханой. Данные предприятия также являются предприятиями, опрошенными в ежегодном обследовании предприятий Главным статистическим управлением Вьетнама. В этой статье используется подход регрессии Probit и Logit для оценки влияния факторов, влияющих на вероятность выплаты кредита предприятию. На долю МСП приходится 56,69% образцов. Количество предприятий, обращающихся за банковским кредитом, составляет 58,4% от общего объема выборок, из которых доля выданных кредитов для МСП составляет всего 47,3%. Для предприятий без банковского кредита, устраняя причины отсутствия спроса и не желая быть в долгу, основными причинами не получения банковских кредитов являются высокие процентные ставки, сложные процедуры кредитования и недостаточное обеспечение.</p></sec><sec><title>Результат</title><p>Результат. Результаты, полученные в модели Logistic и Probit, показывают, что оценочные коэффициенты являются статистически значимыми, что влияет на вероятность принятия бизнес-кредита, принятого финансовыми учреждениями. Хотя коэффициенты, оцененные по модели логистики, больше, чем оцененные по модели Пробита, оценочные результаты показывают, что направление воздействия переменных в двух методах оценки дает весьма схожие результаты.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Исходя из результатов этого исследования, правительство Вьетнама должно осуществлять политику поддержки МСП в направлении улучшения их доступа к капиталу. Кредитные учреждения должны проектировать товары и услуги, соответствующие характеристикам МСП во Вьетнаме.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Article retracted</title><p>Article retracted</p><p>The difficulty in accessing loans is one of the major barriers to the development of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Vietnam. Low accessibility to capital forces SMEs to spend both official and unofficial costs in order to obtain loans, and/or to access the unofficial market at higher interest rates, thereby increasing cost of production of enterprises. Studies suggest that the determinants of bank loan processing through which small and medium enterprises can access official loans include: characteristics of enterprises; indicators, reflecting the performance of enterprises; characteristics of loans; characteristics of enterprises, enterprise owners; geographical position of enterprises; the creditworthiness of enterprises and the role of the network.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose of the study</title><p>Purpose of the study. The aim of this paper is the quantitative analysis of the factors, affecting accessibility to credit capital of small and medium enterprises in Vietnam.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. This study was conducted on the basis of a survey in December 2017. The survey includes 301 enterprises in Hanoi city. Selected enterprises are also enterprises, surveyed in the annual enterprise survey by the General Statistics Office of Vietnam. This paper uses the Probit and Logit regression approach to estimate the impact of factors, affecting the disbursement probability of a loan of an enterprise. The number of SMEs accounts for 56.69% of the samples. The number of enterprises, applying for a bank loan accounts for 58.4% of the total samples, of which the percentage of disbursed loans for SMEs accounts for only 47.3%. For enterprises without a bank loan, eliminating the reasons for the lack of demand and unwish to be in debt, the main reasons not to access bank loans are high interest rates, complicated loan procedures and insufficient collateral.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The results obtained from the Logistic and Probit models show that the estimated coefficients are statistically significant, affecting the probability of taking a business loan, accepted by financial institutions. Although the coefficients, estimated from Logistics model are larger than those estimated from the Probit model, the estimated results show that the direction of impact of the variables in two estimation techniques gives quite similar results.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Based on the results of this study, the Government of Vietnam should implement policies to support SMEs in the direction of improving their access to capital. The credit institutions should design products and services suitable to the characteristics of SMEs in Vietnam.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>малые и средние предприятия</kwd><kwd>кредит</kwd><kwd>банк</kwd><kwd>Вьетнам</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>small and medium enterprises</kwd><kwd>SMEs</kwd><kwd>credit</kwd><kwd>bank</kwd><kwd>Vietnam</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Akoten J.E. Sawada Y. &amp; Otsuka K. The determinants of credit access and its impacts on micro and small enterprises: The case of garment producers in Kenya. Economic development and cultural change. 2006; 54(4): 927-944.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Akoten, J. E., Sawada, Y., &amp; Otsuka, K. (2006). The determinants of credit access and its impacts on micro and small enterprises: The case of garment producers in Kenya. 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